of course

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of course

The lawyer sent us a huge bill, of course.

Definition
  1. Adverb:
    • As might be expected; certainly; without doubt: Used to express that something is obvious, expected, or agreed upon. It can also be used to grant permission or show enthusiastic agreement.
Usage
  • To state something obvious or expected: It introduces a statement that is known or logically follows.
  • To give permission or agree willingly: It is used as a polite or emphatic way to say "yes."
  • As a discourse marker: It can be used to introduce a point, sometimes to concede a point before making a stronger one.
Examples
  • Stating the obvious:
    • Of course the sun rises in the east. (This is a natural, expected fact.)
    • He's the best candidate, so of course he got the job. (The result was expected.)
  • Granting permission or agreeing:
    • "May I borrow your pen?" "Of course!" (An emphatic and polite "yes.")
    • "Can you help me?" "Of course I can." (Willing agreement.)
  • As a discourse marker:
    • Of course, there are other factors to consider. (Conceding a point before adding more information.)
Advanced Usage
  • "But of course": An even more emphatic form of agreement or acknowledgment.
    • "You'll be there tomorrow?" "But of course!"
  • "Of course not": Used to give a strong negative answer to a question.
    • "Did you tell him?" "Of course not!"
Variants and Related Words
  • Certainly (adv): Without doubt; definitely. (Often interchangeable with "of course" in affirmative contexts.)
  • Naturally (adv): As might be expected; of course. (Highlights that something follows logically.)
  • Undoubtedly (adv): Without doubt; certainly.
Synonyms
  • Certainly
  • Definitely
  • Naturally
  • Without a doubt
  • By all means (when granting permission)
Related Phrases
  • Needless to say: Used to indicate that something is so obvious it doesn't need stating. (Similar in function but often precedes a statement that is made anyway.)
    • Needless to say, he was late again.
  • It goes without saying: Used to mean something is so obvious it doesn't need to be mentioned.
    • It goes without saying that honesty is important.
Notes on Usage
  • Politeness: "Of course" is often used to make a positive response sound more polite and helpful.
  • Tone: Depending on context and tone of voice, it can sometimes sound impatient or sarcastic if used when the speaker believes the answer should be obvious to the listener.
    • "Is water wet?" "Of course it is!"
of course

The lawyer sent us a huge bill, of course.

Adverb
  1. as might be expected
    • naturally, the lawyer sent us a huge bill

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